DF Sales&Marketing
Oil Tech Moderator
don’t make this oil dispensing error
One should never use the same dispensing equipment for both detergent oils and r&o turbine and hydraulic oils. Contamination of the rust– and oxidation-inhibited industrial oils with detergent engine oil substantially impairs the quality of the industrial oils. Trace amounts of the detergent and other alkaline contaminants can reach with the acidic rust inhibitor and cause operational problems like foaming, filter plugging, and emulsion formation.
q & a’s
question:
What is a common cause of seal swell or seal leakage?
answer:incompatibility with base oils and/or additives.
question:the dropping point of grease needs to be higher or lower when high operating temperatures are expected?
answer:higher
question:how would you recognize a symptom of incompatibility of different greases?
answer:commonly, incompatibility occurs when a mixture of two greases has a consistency markedly softer than either of the original greases.
question:name two types of “non-soap” grease intended for high-temperature use.
answer:polyurea grease and organo-clay grease.
question:name the fluid qualities typically required by hydraulic systems.
answer:correct viscosity, oxidation stability, anti-foam and air separation, high viscosity index, wear protection, rust protection, machine compatibility.
question:what is a typical flash point for light hydraulic oil?
answer:180ºc (356ºf) to 220ºc (428ºf)
question:what are the types of solid contaminant possible in an oil system?
answer:wear debris, oil breakdown products, combustion products (soot in an engine) and external dust and dirt.
question:name sources of aluminum in crankcase engine oils.
answer:pistons, bearings, bushings, cylinders, and dirt, debris from a failed filter.
question:what is the purpose of grooves cut into a plain bearing surface?
answer:to distribute lubricant over the load-carrying surfaces.
question:name the conditions that must be present in an oil system for microbiological contamination to occur.
answer:source of carbon (in the oil). Source of bacteria (atmosphere). Source of free water. The correct temperature. The correct ph.
question:the viscosity of sae 90 gear oil is similar to that of iso 220 and sae 50 crankcase oils at the same temperture. True or false?
answer:true
tip: Protect new bearings against contamination
new bearings should be kept in their original wrappings as long as possible and stored away from moisture where the temperature can be kept reasonable constant. It is typically not a good practice to flush the original lubrican from a new bearing. This could introduce contamination.
tip: How to remove debris before installing hydraulic hose
when you make a new hydraulic hose cut from a roll of bulk hose, install the new fittings and then flush the hose with a light-weight oil in order to wash all of the shavings out of the hose. Otherwise, you will introduce rubber and metal braid shavings into the hydraulic system. Make sure thae flushing oil is compatible with the hydraulic fluid used and that the velocity of the flush is about twice that produced by the system’s hydraulic pump. Another way to clean hydraulic hoses is to use pneumatic prjojectiles (sponges) that push through the hose to clean out debris.
reasons for increased viscosityassuming that no water is emulsified in the system, some reasons for an increase in viscosity are: the oil May have oxidized; pressure could have increased; temperature might have decreased; possible contamination with a higher viscosity fluid; evaporative losses of light oil fractions from high temperatures; soot or glycol contamination.
nitration: why it’s bad Nitration is the degradation of oil in the presence of nitrogen compounds. Nitration is a common mode of gas-engine lubricant degradation. It is a particular problem with higher temperature 4-cycle engines. Nitrogen oxides are typically formed during fuel combustion. These nitric oxides react with water to form nitric acid. The formation of nitric acids can lead to a corrosive environment to exposed engine surfaces. Nitration also leads to the formation of deposits and sludge.
how additive stop foam in oil Defoamants inhibit the formation of stable foams above the oil level in tanks, reservoirs and sumps. Defoamants are typically polymers such as methyl silicone or polymethacrylate. They are dispensed as micro-globules in the oil, around 10 microns in size. These globules are pulled up as the air rises and then weaken the bubbles that form, causing them to burst.
causes of lubricant foam Lubricant foam has a low load carrying ability. Excessive foam build-up in a reservoir or sump will rapidly lead to excessive wear and catastrophic failure of the system. Too high a level of lubricant in an engine sump, but overfilling or miscalibration of the dipstick, causes the crankshaft and connecting rod big-end caps to whip up the lubricant into an all pervading foam and rapid damage ensues. Air leaks into the oil flow or an open drop from a supply pipe into a hydraulic fluid reservoir can generate foam. Operationally, engines should not be overfilled, the level indicator correct, leaks stopped, and supply pipes extended to deliver return lubricant below normal liquid surface level in a reservoir.
solving a hot gearbox: Is viscosity really the issue?
If a gear reducer is running hot, don’t automatically think that it needs a higher viscosity oil. Take a sample of oil for a metals analysis. If the sample shows high wear metals, then the high temperatures could be a result of metal to metal contact in which case, a higher viscosity oil would be warranted. If the wear metals in the sample are low, then the heat could be the result of having too high a viscosity oil, and fluid friction is the source of heat. In this case, a lower viscosity oil May solve the high temperature problem. If these solutions don’t work, check the temperature of the drivetrain (the electric motor, coupling and the reducer). If the electric motor is hotter than the reducer, then maybe the electric motor is undersized and the reducer is acting as a heat sink. In this case, have the electricians install the proper size motor for the load. The oil viscosity May have been correct.
the benefits and drawbacks of “green lubricants” There is a growing public interest in environmentally friendly, or “green” products - I.e. Products that do not harm the environment during their manufacture, use of disposal. Manufacturers and marketers have capitalized on this trend by introducing products that claim to be less harmful on the environment than competing products. However, in the absence of standardized criteria, some companies have made untested and misleading claims regarding the environmental features of their products. A strong environmental commitment is a basic obligation that any business has to its customers and the community. This interest is not served by companies that make unproved and exaggerated environmental claims for their products or that fail to fully inform their customers of significant tradeoffs associated with environmentally oriented labeling standards, consumers should take a critical and questioning view of any product that is claimed to be “environmentally friendly.”
One should never use the same dispensing equipment for both detergent oils and r&o turbine and hydraulic oils. Contamination of the rust– and oxidation-inhibited industrial oils with detergent engine oil substantially impairs the quality of the industrial oils. Trace amounts of the detergent and other alkaline contaminants can reach with the acidic rust inhibitor and cause operational problems like foaming, filter plugging, and emulsion formation.
q & a’s
question:
What is a common cause of seal swell or seal leakage?
answer:incompatibility with base oils and/or additives.
question:the dropping point of grease needs to be higher or lower when high operating temperatures are expected?
answer:higher
question:how would you recognize a symptom of incompatibility of different greases?
answer:commonly, incompatibility occurs when a mixture of two greases has a consistency markedly softer than either of the original greases.
question:name two types of “non-soap” grease intended for high-temperature use.
answer:polyurea grease and organo-clay grease.
question:name the fluid qualities typically required by hydraulic systems.
answer:correct viscosity, oxidation stability, anti-foam and air separation, high viscosity index, wear protection, rust protection, machine compatibility.
question:what is a typical flash point for light hydraulic oil?
answer:180ºc (356ºf) to 220ºc (428ºf)
question:what are the types of solid contaminant possible in an oil system?
answer:wear debris, oil breakdown products, combustion products (soot in an engine) and external dust and dirt.
question:name sources of aluminum in crankcase engine oils.
answer:pistons, bearings, bushings, cylinders, and dirt, debris from a failed filter.
question:what is the purpose of grooves cut into a plain bearing surface?
answer:to distribute lubricant over the load-carrying surfaces.
question:name the conditions that must be present in an oil system for microbiological contamination to occur.
answer:source of carbon (in the oil). Source of bacteria (atmosphere). Source of free water. The correct temperature. The correct ph.
question:the viscosity of sae 90 gear oil is similar to that of iso 220 and sae 50 crankcase oils at the same temperture. True or false?
answer:true
tip: Protect new bearings against contamination
new bearings should be kept in their original wrappings as long as possible and stored away from moisture where the temperature can be kept reasonable constant. It is typically not a good practice to flush the original lubrican from a new bearing. This could introduce contamination.
tip: How to remove debris before installing hydraulic hose
when you make a new hydraulic hose cut from a roll of bulk hose, install the new fittings and then flush the hose with a light-weight oil in order to wash all of the shavings out of the hose. Otherwise, you will introduce rubber and metal braid shavings into the hydraulic system. Make sure thae flushing oil is compatible with the hydraulic fluid used and that the velocity of the flush is about twice that produced by the system’s hydraulic pump. Another way to clean hydraulic hoses is to use pneumatic prjojectiles (sponges) that push through the hose to clean out debris.
reasons for increased viscosityassuming that no water is emulsified in the system, some reasons for an increase in viscosity are: the oil May have oxidized; pressure could have increased; temperature might have decreased; possible contamination with a higher viscosity fluid; evaporative losses of light oil fractions from high temperatures; soot or glycol contamination.
nitration: why it’s bad Nitration is the degradation of oil in the presence of nitrogen compounds. Nitration is a common mode of gas-engine lubricant degradation. It is a particular problem with higher temperature 4-cycle engines. Nitrogen oxides are typically formed during fuel combustion. These nitric oxides react with water to form nitric acid. The formation of nitric acids can lead to a corrosive environment to exposed engine surfaces. Nitration also leads to the formation of deposits and sludge.
how additive stop foam in oil Defoamants inhibit the formation of stable foams above the oil level in tanks, reservoirs and sumps. Defoamants are typically polymers such as methyl silicone or polymethacrylate. They are dispensed as micro-globules in the oil, around 10 microns in size. These globules are pulled up as the air rises and then weaken the bubbles that form, causing them to burst.
causes of lubricant foam Lubricant foam has a low load carrying ability. Excessive foam build-up in a reservoir or sump will rapidly lead to excessive wear and catastrophic failure of the system. Too high a level of lubricant in an engine sump, but overfilling or miscalibration of the dipstick, causes the crankshaft and connecting rod big-end caps to whip up the lubricant into an all pervading foam and rapid damage ensues. Air leaks into the oil flow or an open drop from a supply pipe into a hydraulic fluid reservoir can generate foam. Operationally, engines should not be overfilled, the level indicator correct, leaks stopped, and supply pipes extended to deliver return lubricant below normal liquid surface level in a reservoir.
solving a hot gearbox: Is viscosity really the issue?
If a gear reducer is running hot, don’t automatically think that it needs a higher viscosity oil. Take a sample of oil for a metals analysis. If the sample shows high wear metals, then the high temperatures could be a result of metal to metal contact in which case, a higher viscosity oil would be warranted. If the wear metals in the sample are low, then the heat could be the result of having too high a viscosity oil, and fluid friction is the source of heat. In this case, a lower viscosity oil May solve the high temperature problem. If these solutions don’t work, check the temperature of the drivetrain (the electric motor, coupling and the reducer). If the electric motor is hotter than the reducer, then maybe the electric motor is undersized and the reducer is acting as a heat sink. In this case, have the electricians install the proper size motor for the load. The oil viscosity May have been correct.
the benefits and drawbacks of “green lubricants” There is a growing public interest in environmentally friendly, or “green” products - I.e. Products that do not harm the environment during their manufacture, use of disposal. Manufacturers and marketers have capitalized on this trend by introducing products that claim to be less harmful on the environment than competing products. However, in the absence of standardized criteria, some companies have made untested and misleading claims regarding the environmental features of their products. A strong environmental commitment is a basic obligation that any business has to its customers and the community. This interest is not served by companies that make unproved and exaggerated environmental claims for their products or that fail to fully inform their customers of significant tradeoffs associated with environmentally oriented labeling standards, consumers should take a critical and questioning view of any product that is claimed to be “environmentally friendly.”